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Cascade (grape)
Cascade is a red complex hybrid grape variety that was created by French viticulturist Albert Seibel in the early 20th century in Aubenas, Ardèche in the Rhône Valley. It has been commercially available in North America since 1938 and has since been planted in Canada and the United States (particularly New York). However, in warmer climates the grape is highly susceptible to a number of grapevine viruses which has discouraged plantings of the variety.〔J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pg 197, Allen Lane 2012 ISBN 978-1-846-14446-2〕
==History and pedigree==
Cascade is a Seibel grape being produced from a crossing of Seibel 7042 and Gloire de Seibel by the French viticulturist Albert Seibel in the early 1930s.〔 The variety was first released for commercial production in 1938. Known originally as Seibel 13053, the grape was given the name "Cascade" by the Finger Lakes Wine Growers Association in 1970.〔Lisa Smiley ''"(Cascade )"'' Iowa State University, 2008. Accessed: April 13th, 2008〕 The exact reasoning behind the name is unclear with some winegrowers speculating that the name came from the way that the highly productive vine would have fruit "cascading off the vine" like a waterfall even from water sprouts and suckers.〔Lon Rombough ''The Grape Grower: A Guide to Organic Viticulture'' pgs 128, 181, 202 Chelsea Green Publishing (2002) ISBN 1890132829〕
Cascade is considered an inter-specific "complex hybrid" meaning that within its pedigree are grape varieties from several species of the ''Vitis'' genus. Taken together the pedigree of Cascade includes varieties from the ''Vitis vinifera'', ''Vitis labrusca'', ''Vitis rupestris'', ''Vitis rotundifolia'' and ''Vitis lincecumii'' species.〔
Seibel 7042 is a crossing of Seibel 5351 and Seibel 6268. Gloire de Seibel is a cross of Seibel 867 and Seibel 452. From these parent and grandparent varieties Cascade is descended from Concord, Chasselas Musqué and the ''Vitis vinifera'' teinturier grape Alicante Bouschet (great-grandparents to Seibel 5351). Cascade also has extended relations with another ''vinifera'' teinturier Alicante Ganzin (grandparent to Seibel 452) and the Munson grape (great-grandparent to Seibel 452). The phylloxera-resistance rootstock variety Rupestris du Lot is also related to Cascade as a grandparent variety to Seibel 452.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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